Given name: Józefa Family name: Grajpel (2)

(1)

During the Soviet attack on occupied Warsaw she managed to cross the river Vistula by boat in order to help the Soviet command.

(2)

Nurse, she worked in the Sanitary department of the Centos (the Central Organisation for Orphan Care). She was also the activist of the PPR (Polish Workers' Party) and she was active in the Anti-fascist block in the ghetto and later. She was active in the Warsaw Uprising on the left side. She was wife of Boleslaw Kowalski - the commander of the People's Army (AL). On the 'Aryan side' she participated in actions to aid the Jews.

(1) 82, (2) str.126,127,153,159,258